Evaluating the Sand-Trapping Efficiency of Sand Fences Using a Combination of Wind-Blown Sand Measurements and UAV Photogrammetry at Tottori Sand Dunes, Japan

Fences are commonly used in coastal regions to control wind-blown sand. Sand-trapping fences and sand-stabilizing have been installed at the Tottori Sand Dunes, Prefecture, Japan, prevent damage by sand; however, effectiveness of these has not previously quantitatively evaluated. This study analyzed effects sand on trapping using field observations blown-sand flux unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry. The estimated total near-ground surface observed inside outside indicated that was effectively trapped wind speeds lower than 17 m s?1, reducing more 80%. UAV photogrammetry results demonstrated large amounts were transported from dune fenced area during March April, initially accumulated lee side sand-trapping fences, forming a new foredune. existing foredune April May, vertical accretion around two four times deposition within fences. for controlling their efficiency reduced as they gradually buried, with being